气举反循环钻进井壁稳定及适用性探讨          下载免费PDF全文

郑伯乐  郑秀华  段晨阳  叶宏宇 《探矿工程》2020,47(6):13-18

气举反循环工艺具有钻进效率高、携带岩屑能力强、防漏效果好以及钻头寿命长等优点，同时还可以提高流体矿产的产能。但是一般认为气举反循环钻进抽吸作用会产生负压，不利于井壁稳定，不宜在松散地层应用。本文通过计算气举反循环钻进环空水力参数，并从环空压力以及冲洗液流态、流速等方面探讨研究气举反循环钻进中井壁稳定及其适用性，指出通过选取合适的钻具组合以及调节冲洗液性能，可使气举反循环工艺对不同地层的适应性更广。  相似文献   

钻探参数实时采集系统研制与应用          下载免费PDF全文

汤小仁  孟义泉  訾兵  梁日旺 《探矿工程》2020,47(6):46-53

钻探参数实时采集系统研制的目的是向钻探技术及管理人员提供直观的钻探实时参数，通过该系统可全天候的掌握钻探工况。钻探参数采集的方法是通过传感器采集压力、转速、位移、流量、液位等物理参数，使用配套的软硬件设备进行数据转换和处理，在人机交互界面显示直观的工程参数。该系统根据野外现场不同工作环境可以使用互联网、GPRS终端或者北斗卫星终端把现场实时工程数据无线传输至远程服务器上，用户通过手机或电脑即可查看到现场的实时或历史工程数据。采用本系统可以预防和减少钻探事故，为事故处理提供数据支撑，为实现钻探自动化、智能化提供基础数据。  相似文献   

Adsorption Mechanism and Kinetic Characterization of Bituminous Coal under High Temperatures and Pressures in the Linxing-Shenfu Area     

TAO Chuanqi  WANG Yanbin  LI Yong  NI Xiaoming  GAO Xiangdong 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):399-408

The majority of coalbed methane(CBM) in coal reservoirs is in adsorption states in coal matrix pores. To reveal the adsorption behavior of bituminous coal under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and to discuss the microscopic control mechanism affecting the adsorption characteristics, isothermal adsorption experiments under hightemperature and high-pressure conditions, low-temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments and CO2 adsorption experiments were performed on coal samples. Results show that the adsorption capacity of coal is comprehensively controlled by the maximum vitrinite reflectance(Ro, max), as well as temperature and pressure conditions. As the vitrinite reflectance increases, the adsorption capacity of coal increases. At low pressures, the pressure has a significant effect on the positive effect of adsorption, but the effect of temperature is relatively weak. As the pressure increases, the effect of temperature on the negative effect of adsorption gradually becomes apparent, and the influence of pressure gradually decreases. Considering pore volumes of pores with diameters of 1.7-100 nm, the peak volume of pores with diameters 10-100 nm is higher than that from pores with diameters 1.7-10 nm, especially for pores with diameters of 40-60 nm, indicating that pores with diameters of 10-100 nm are the main contributors to the pore volume. The pore specific surface area shows multiple peaks, and the peak value appears for pore diameters of 2-3 nm, indicating that this pore diameter is the main contributor to the specific surface area. For pore diameters of 0.489-1.083 nm, the pore size distribution is bimodal, with peak values at 0.56-0.62 nm and 0.82-0.88 nm. The adsorption capability of the coal reservoir depends on the development degree of the supermicroporous specific surface area, because the supermicroporous pores are the main contributors to the specific pore area. Additionally, the adsorption space increases as the adsorption equilibrium pressure increases. Under the same pressure, as the maximum vitrinite reflectance increases, the adsorption space increases. In addition, the cumulative reduction in the surface free energy increases as the maximum vitrinite reflectance increases. Furthermore, as the pressure increases, the surface free energy of each pressure point gradually decreases, indicating that as the pressure increases, it is increasingly difficult to adsorb methane molecules.  相似文献   

榍石LA-SF-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及对结晶和封闭温度的指示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵令浩  曾令森  詹秀春  胡明月  袁继海  孙冬阳  张立飞 《岩石学报》2020,36(10):2983-2994

榍石富含U、Th，贫Pb，是U-Pb定年的理想矿物之一。本文采用激光剥蚀-高分辨等离子体质谱建立榍石U-Pb定年方法，采用25~30μm激光斑束，准确测定榍石U-Pb标准样品BLR-1（~1048Ma）、OLT-1（~1014Ma）和Pakistan（~21.4Ma），以及年轻榍石样品（<100Ma）U-Pb年龄，提高了检测准确性和空间分辨率。综合对比共生锆石和榍石U-Pb年龄、榍石颗粒微量元素和U-Pb年龄环带及不同成分岩浆岩（SiO₂含量48.1%~77.0%）中岩浆榍石的结晶温度，结果表明：岩浆演化过程中，榍石具有宽泛的结晶温度（600~900℃，峰值~750℃），主要集中于岩浆演化中晚期结晶，榍石U-Pb同位素封闭温度接近或略低于锆石，因此同一岩浆体系中锆石与榍石的年龄差异可能反映了该熔体较晚达到榍石饱和，而非熔体热演化历史或封闭温度信息。  相似文献   

秦岭造山带多金属矿普查复杂地层护壁堵漏技术          下载免费PDF全文

柳硕林  韩明耀 《探矿工程》2020,47(1):43-47

秦岭造山带多金属矿普查项目钻探施工过程中钻遇多种复杂地层，垮塌、缩径、漏失等复杂情况频发，严重影响了施工效率。分别采用了植物胶钙处理钻井液、聚乙烯醇无固相钻井液等进行护壁工作，结合不同漏失情况分别实施了随钻堵漏、凝胶堵漏等技术措施，取得了良好的使用效果。  相似文献   

Mesozoic–Cenozoic stress field magnitude in Sichuan Basin,China and its adjacent areas and the implication on shale gas reservoir: Determination by acoustic emission in rocks     

《China Geology》2020,3(4):591-601

The Sichuan Basin is one of the vital basins in China, boasting abundant hydrocarbon reservoirs. To clarify the intensity of the tectonic stress field of different tectonic episodes since the Mesozoic and to identify the regional dynamic background of different tectonic movements in the Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas, the characteristics of the acoustic emission in rocks in different strata of these areas were researched in this paper. Meanwhile, the tectonic stress magnitude in these areas since the Mesozoic was restored. The laws state that the tectonic stress varied with depth was revealed, followed by the discussion of the influence of structural stress intensity on structural patterns in different tectonic episodes. These were conducted based on the paleostress measurement by acoustic emission method and the inversion principle of the stress fields in ancient periods and the present, as well as previous research achievements. The results of this paper demonstrate that the third episode of Yanshanian Movement (Yanshanian III) had the maximum activity intensity and tremendously influenced the structural pattern in the study area. The maximum horizontal principal stress of Yanshanian III varied with depth as follows: 0.0168 x + 37.001 (MPa), R² = 0.8891. The regional structural fractures were mainly formed in Yanshanian III in Xujiahe Formation, west Sichuan Basin, of which the maximum paleoprincipal stress ranging from 85.1 MPa to 120.1 MPa. In addition, the law stating the present maximum horizontal principal stress varies with depth was determined to be 0.0159 x+10.221 (MPa), R²=0.7868 in Wuling Mountain area. Meanwhile, it was determined to be 0.0221 x+9.4733 (MPa), R²=0.9121 in the western part of Xuefeng Mountain area and 0.0174 x+10.247 (MPa), R²=0.8064 in the whole study area. These research results will not only provide data for the simulation of stress field, the evaluation of deformation degree, and the prediction of structural fractures, but also offer absolute geological scientific bases for the elevation of favorable shale gas preservation.  相似文献   

旋翼无人机测算风速风向技术研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何诚  吕振义  李瑾  王越  舒立福 《测绘通报》2019,(12):91-95

目前大部分民用无人机没有准确测量风速、风向和预警风场的功能，然而森林火灾扑救等多种场景需要无人机可以提供准确的风速。本文提出了一种基于旋翼无人机坐标数据测算风速风向的技术，通过无人机主机RTK坐标信息及方位角、倾角数据精准获取螺旋桨点相对坐标信息，选择不同负载条件下无人机以1~16 m/s的不同速度分别飞行30 s以上，根据螺旋桨坐标信息变化数值，结合风洞测试数据及风场动力学原理，研究风速与旋翼无人机倾角关系，并通过风洞试验检验该方法精度；并可根据无人机RTK推算出的螺旋桨坐标变化信息判断风向。结果表明，无人机风速与旋翼无人机倾角呈正相关关系；无人机负载加重时，对应受风速干扰的倾角会相对减小；无人机飞行受阵风干扰出现噪点的概率，高海拔区域大于低海拔区域；并建立六旋翼无人机飞行倾角的风速估算模型y=－1.043 5+1.150 1x，该模型测算风速的中误差值为0.966，绝对值小于1，满足应急指挥现场对无人机测量风速精度要求。该方法得到风速测算精度高，可以为旋翼无人机实时获取风速风向提供一种可行方法，具有一定的实用价值。  相似文献   

近景摄影测量支持下的地铁盾构管片姿态测量方法及其应用     

徐洲洋  肖东升 《测绘通报》2019,(1):75-78,143

传统的地铁盾构管片姿态测量的方法存在作业时间长，与施工流水线交叉作业劳动量大，且无法实时测量等不足。本文提出了利用近景摄影测量的方法对盾构管片姿态进行测量，通过在盾构管片环上铺设人工标志点，使用数码相机进行拍摄，利用光束法平常对摄影图片进行数据解算，得到解算标志点坐标后，再根据空间三点定圆心原理确定盾构环圆心点的坐标。试验结果表明，对比传统测量方法，新方法误差不超过3 cm，能够完全满足盾构管片姿态的测量精度要求，具有很好的推广价值。  相似文献   

大气折光系数测定及在悬索桥基准索股线形测量中的应用     

王欢  刘成龙  杨雪峰  王永 《测绘通报》2019,(5):129-133

大跨度悬索桥基准索股跨中位置处于百米高空，如何测得精确的垂度值，对主缆线形进行控制至关重要。本文分析了影响悬索桥基准索股垂度测量精度的主要因素，提出了基于实时大气折光系数改正的单向三角高程的跨中垂度测量新方法。在桥址区建立高精度的高差基准，通过对桥址区的大气折光系数的测定及改正试验，证明该测量方法切实可行。基准索股跨中垂度采用双测站进行测量，当双测站所测同一点绝对垂度互差小于10 mm时，取双测站所测垂度均值作为该点的垂度值。该方法的测量结果达到设计精度要求，对同类工程测量项目有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

川藏铁路交通廊道地质调查工程主要进展与成果     

郭长宝  王保弟  刘建康  涂杰楠  张永双  马剑飞  铁永波  韩冰  马鑫  刘峰  李雪  孟文  钟宁  杨志华  吴瑞安 《中国地质调查》2020,7(6):1-12

川藏铁路是我国正在规划建设的重点工程,由于其位于地形地貌和地质构造都极为复杂的青藏高原东部,在铁路规划建设中面临一系列迫切需要解决的关键地质问题: 区域性活动断裂与断错影响、地质灾害、高地应力及其引起的岩爆和大变形、高温热害、断裂带高压水与涌水突泥、高陡边坡稳定性等。为满足技术支撑川藏铁路规划建设、精准服务国家重大战略实施的需要,中国地质调查局部署了“川藏铁路交通廊道地质调查工程”,聚焦制约川藏铁路规划建设的关键问题,充分发挥地质调查工作对国家重大工程规划建设的支撑作用。2019年主要完成铁路沿线1:5万区域地质调查1 350 km²、1:5万地质灾害调查5 000 km²,建设6口大地热流地质参数井、8个地温监测站,完成地应力测量20孔,编制完成11份地质调查专报,提出的大渡河大桥段、理塘车站段、毛垭坝盆地段等线路优化建议/防灾建议被采纳; 首次将1:5 000大比例尺航空物探技术引入复杂山地铁路工程勘察,创新形成千米级超长水平钻孔定向取心钻进技术,实现500 m深的水平孔地应力测量突破等。该工程通过2019年调查研究,全力提升了铁路沿线地质调查程度与精度,并创新了复杂艰险山区重大工程地质问题与探测技术、地质灾害风险防控理论与减灾关键技术,有效支撑服务了川藏铁路规划建设。  相似文献